The magnificent Dome of the Rock is an Islamic shrine and a major landmark located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem. It was completed in 691 AD at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik, and has been refurbished many times over the centuries. it the oldest extant Islamic building in the world.

The Dome of the Rock is located at the visual center of an ancient man-made platform known as the Temple Mount to Jews, and the Haram al-Sharif (Noble Sanctuary) to Muslims. The platform, greatly enlarged under the rule of Herod the Great, was the former site of the Second Jewish Temple which was destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 AD